Concepts and experiments on psychoanalysis driven computing

This research investigates the effective incorporation of the human factor and user perception in text-based interactive media. In such contexts, the reliability of user texts is often compromised by behavioural and emotional dimensions. To this end, several attempts have been made in the state of the art, to introduce psychological approaches in such systems, including computational psycholinguistics, personality traits and cognitive psychology methods. In contrast, our method is fundamentally different since we employ a psychoanalysis-based approach; in particular, we use the notion of Lacanian discourse types, to capture and deeply understand real (possibly elusive) characteristics, qualities and contents of texts, and evaluate their reliability. As far as we know, this is the first time computational methods are systematically combined with psychoanalysis. We believe such psychoanalytic framework is fundamentally more effective than standard methods, since it addresses deeper, quite primitive elements of human personality, behaviour and expression which usually escape methods functioning at “higher”, conscious layers. In fact, this research is a first attempt to form a new paradigm of psychoanalysis-driven interactive technologies, with broader impact and diverse applications. To exemplify this generic approach, we apply it to the case-study of fake news detection; we first demonstrate certain limitations of the well-known Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality type method, and then propose and evaluate our new method of analysing user texts and detecting fake news based on the Lacanian discourses psychoanalytic approach.This publication is part of the Spanish I+D+i project TRAINERA (ref. PID2020-118011GB-C21), funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Who shot optical packet switching?

Looking at the volume of publications dealing with Optical Packet (OPS) and those dealing with Elastic Optical Networking (EON) in the period from 2000 to 2016, one clearly can observe that between 2004 and 2009 there is a boom of the OPS publications and then they start to diminish. At the same time, EON publications start to take-off (around 2011) and is steadily growing. EON is an emerging technology that may be considered as a killer technology in the sense that its performance, flexibility, associated cost, ease of deployment and marketing seem to be displacing OPS from the optical networking arena. The purpose of this paper is discuss if, effectively, EON is the killer technology of OPS. So then, besides review the EON technology, the paper analyzes its actual deployment possibilities.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Verification of performance degradation in a telecommunications system due to the uncertainty of human users in the loop

The intensive use of new technologies that cause more interactions between systems and the daily activities of human users is changing the focus on how network re- sources should be managed. However, these changes can create challenges related to the level of uncertainty that people introduce to the system. In this context, this research study seeks to determine whether people’s uncertainty influences network performance and how significant its impact is. For these purposes, a simulated case study of a Vehicle for Hire application designed to run over a network slicing of a fifth-generation (5G) network. The simulations compared call drop rates in several settings configured to represent different levels of uncertainty, introducing random alterations to free channel planning reserved for the handover process. The simulation results reveal that the uncertainty specifically introduced by people exerts a high negative impact on network performance, evidencing the need to develop an algorithm that considers this uncertainty when managing resources within the 5G network core.This work has been supported by the Spanish Government through project TRAINER-A (PID2020-118011GB-C21) with FEDER contribution. Moreover, it has been supported by the Spanish Thematic Network under contract RED2018-102585-T (Go2Edge) and by the aid granted by the Sinfoni project INV2733 of the Cooperative University of Colombia.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Guidelines to SLA modeling and establishment in heterogeneous communications networks

© 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.The question of how to specify, provide and measure service quality for network end-users has been of utmost interest for service and network infrastructure providers and their clients as well. The Service Level Agreement (SLA) is a beneficial tool in formalizing the interrelationships resulting from a negotiation among all participating actors with the target of achieving a common comprehension concerning delivery of services, its priorities, quality, responsibilities, and other relevant parameters. A horizontal SLA is an agreement between two service-providers existing at the same architectural layer (as for example two Internet Protocol (IP) or two Optical Transport Network (OTN) domains). A vertical SLA is an agreement between two individual providers at two different architectural layers (for instance, between an optical network and the core MPLS network). A service has to be defined without ambiguity utilizing Service Level Specifications (SLS) and three information types must be described: i) The QoX metrics as well as their corresponding thresholds; ii) A method of service performance measurement; iii) Service schedule. In this work we present preliminary simulation results that enable the development of a generic methodology for SLA modeling and establishment that will lead to a win-win situation for all involved actors. As an example, we put special attention in the benefits obtained by Optical Networks operators.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Service Level Agreements for Communication Networks: A Survey

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is being provided to the variety of end-users demands, thereby providing a better and improved management of services is crucial. Therefore, Service Level Agreements (SLAs) are essential and play a key role to manage the provided services among the network entities. This survey identifies the state of the art covering concepts, approaches and open problems of the SLAs establishment, deployment and management. This paper is organised in a way that the reader can access a variety of proposed SLA methods and models addressed and provides an overview of the SLA actors and elements. It also describes SLAs' characteristics and objectives. SLAs' existing methodologies are explained and categorised followed by the Service Quality Categories (SQD) and Quality-Based Service Descriptions (QSD). SLA modelling and architectures are discussed, and open research problems and future research directions are introduced. The establishment of a reliable, safe and QoE-aware computer networking needs a group of services that goes beyond pure networking services. Therefore, within the paper this broader set of services are taken into consideration and for each Service Level Objective (SLO) the related services domains will be indicated. The purpose of this survey is to identify existing research gaps in utilising SLA elements to develop a generic methodology, considering all quality parameters beyond the Quality of Service (QoS) and what must or can be taken into account to define, establish and deploy an SLA. This study is still an active research on how to specify and develop an SLA to achieve the win-win agreements among all actors.Comment: 25 Pages, 4 Figure

Service Level Agreements for Communication Networks: A Survey

Abstract. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is being provided to the variety of endusers demands, thereby providing a better and improved management of services is crucial. Therefore, Service Level Agreements (SLAs) are essential and play a key role to manage the provided services among the network entities. This survey identifies the state of the art covering concepts, approaches and open problems of the SLAs establishment, deployment and management. This paper is organised in a way that the reader can access a variety of proposed SLA methods and models addressed and provides an overview of the SLA actors and elements. It also describes SLAs’ characteristics and objectives. SLAs’ existing methodologies are explained and categorised followed by the Service Quality Categories (SQD) and Quality-Based Service Descriptions (QSD). SLA modelling and architectures are discussed, and open research problems and future research directions are introduced. The establishment of a reliable, safe and QoE-aware computer networking needs a group of services that goes beyond pure networking services. Therefore, within the paper this broader set of services are taken into consideration and for each Service Level Objective (SLO) the related services domains will be indicated. The purpose of this survey is to identify existing research gaps in utilising SLA elements to develop a generic methodology, considering all quality parameters beyond the Quality of Service (QoS) and what must or can be taken into account to define, establish and deploy an SLA. This study is still an active research on how to specify and develop an SLA to achieve the win-win agreements among all actors.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Decision-making under uncertainty for the deployment of future hyperconnected networks: A survey

This paper is an extended version of our paper published in “Néstor Alzate Mejía, Germán Santos-Boada, José R. de Almeida Amazonas, Decision-Making Under Uncertainty for the Deployment of Future Networks in IoT Scenarios” 11th EAI International Conference on Broadband Communications, Networks, and Systems, 11–12 December 2020.Among the several emerging dimensioning, control and deployment of future communication network paradigms stands out the human-centric characteristic that creates an intricate relationship between telematics and human activities. The hard to model dynamics of user behavior introduces new uncertainties into these systems that give rise to difficult network resource management challenges. According to this context, this work reviews several decision-making computational methods under the influence of uncertainties. This work, by means of a systematic literature review, focuses on sensor-based Internet of Things scenarios such as Smart Spaces and Industry 4.0. According to our conclusions, it is mandatory to establish a means for modeling the human behavior context in order to improve resource assignment and management.This research was funded by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under contract TEC2017-90034-C2-1-R (ALLIANCE project) that received funding from FEDER. Moreover, it was partially supported by the Spanish Thematic Network under contract RED2018-102585-T (Go2Edge) and by the aid granted by the Sinfoni project INV2733 of the Cooperative University of Colombia.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Decision making under uncertainty for the deployment of future networks in IoT scenarios

The main characteristic of various emerging communication network paradigms in the dimensioning, control and deployment of future networks is the fact that they are human-centric, entailing closelyknit interactions between telematics and human activities. Considering the effect of user behavior, whose dynamics are difficult to model, new uncertainties are introduced in these systems, bringing about network resource management challenges. Within this context, this study seeks to review different decision-making computational methods in conditions of uncertainty for Internet of Things scenarios such as smart spaces, and industry 4.0, through a systematic literature review. According to our research results, a new paradigm for computationally capturing and modeling human behavior context must be developed with the purpose of improving resource management.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under contract TEC2017-90034-C2-1-R (ALLIANCE project) that receives funding from FEDER. Moreover, it has been partially supported by the Spanish Thematic Network under contract RED2018-102585-T (Go2Edge) and by the aid granted by the Sinfoni project INV2733 of the Cooperative University of Colombia.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Low complexity nano-networks routing scenarios and strategies

© 2021 Elsevier. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/One of the big challenges in nano-networks is the capacity to route packets using simple strategies, in inhospitable and stimulating environments. The strict physical limitations coming from the nano-devices are constraining the design of communication protocols and strategies. Considering the current fabrication processes, existing published strategies require devices at least in micrometer dimensions, what is far yet from what is expected. In this paper, the proposal is on the road to nanometers devices, while considering extremely low energy consumption. The major contributions of this paper are the formulation of the nano-networks routing problem, the proposal of a low complexity Finite State Machine (FSM)-based paradigm to implement routes generation and routing algorithms and the evaluation of the proposed nano-networks routing and strategy.This work has been supported in part by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of the Spanish Government under project PID2019-108713RB-C51, and also in part by FAP-DF – Brazilian Federal District Research Support Foundation, under Grant SEI 00193.0000248/2019-32 and in part by the Institutional Security Office of the Presidency of Brazil under Grant ABIN/UNB 002/2017, SEI 23106.034057/2017-86Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Who shot optical packet switching?

Looking at the volume of publications dealing with Optical Packet (OPS) and those dealing with Elastic Optical Networking (EON) in the period from 2000 to 2016, one clearly can observe that between 2004 and 2009 there is a boom of the OPS publications and then they start to diminish. At the same time, EON publications start to take-off (around 2011) and is steadily growing. EON is an emerging technology that may be considered as a killer technology in the sense that its performance, flexibility, associated cost, ease of deployment and marketing seem to be displacing OPS from the optical networking arena. The purpose of this paper is discuss if, effectively, EON is the killer technology of OPS. So then, besides review the EON technology, the paper analyzes its actual deployment possibilities.Peer Reviewe